c~ c -> d4 d4~ -> u w- d~ z 2 ! QCD 4 ! QED 0 ! XTR c c~ -> d4 d4~ -> u w- d~ z 2 ! QCD 4 ! QED 0 ! XTR g g -> d4 d4~ -> u w- d~ z 2 ! QCD 4 ! QED 0 ! XTR